What items are included in an ACO?

• A. ACMs, SPINS, conventional loadouts
• B. It assigns missions and replaces FSCMs
• C. Only ACMs and SPINS
• D. Conventional loadouts and FSCMs

Answer: (A)

An ACO brings together three essential pieces that govern how air assets operate in coordination with ground forces: Airspace Coordination Measures, Special Instructions, and conventional loadouts. ACMs specify the airspace boundaries, routes, altitudes, and deconfliction rules so aircraft don’t collide with other users or forces. SPINS provide mission-specific directives—target areas, sequencing, timing, and coordination details with ground elements—so aircrews know exactly how to execute within the ground commander’s intent. Conventional loadouts define the standard weapon configurations to be used, ensuring the aircraft deliver munitions that align with the operation’s safety and targeting constraints. Together, these elements shape how air power is integrated on the battlefield. The ACO doesn’t assign missions or replace fire support coordination measures; those are handled through separate processes.